University of Miami

                                                         
                                                      University of Miami





                          The University of Miami  is a private, nonsectarian research university located in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. As of 2014, the university currently enrolls 16-774 students in 12 separate colleges including a medical school located in Miami's Civic Center neighborhood, a law school on the main campus, and a school focused on the study of oceanography and atmospheric sciences on Virginia Key, with 
     

a research facilities at the Richmond Facility in southern Miami Dede County. These colleges offer approximately 115 undergraduate, 104 master's, and 63 doctoral of which 59 are research/scholarship and 


four professional areas of study. Over the years, the University's students have represented all 50 states and close to 150 foreign countries.  With more than 14,000 full and part time faculty and staff,  University of Miami is the sixth largest employer in Miami Dada County.

Research is a component of each academic division, with University of Miami  attracting $346.6 million per year in sponsored research grants. UM offers a large library system with over 3.1 million volumes and exceptional holdings in Cuban heritage and music. also University of Miami offers a wide range of student

t activities, including fraternities and sororities, a student newspaper and radio station.University of Miami  
intercollegiate athletic teams, collectively known as the Miami Hurricanes, compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and its football team has won five national championships since 1983.

The University began in earnest in 1925 when George E. Merrick, the founder of Coral Gables, gave 160 acres  and nearly $5 million, to the effort.These contributions were land contracts and mortgages on real estate that had been sold in the city.

 The University was chartered on April 18, 1925 by the Circuit Court for Dade County. By the fall of 1926, when the first class of 372 students enrolled at UM,  the land boom had collapsed, and hopes for a speedy recovery were dashed by a major hurricane. For the next 15 years the University barely remained solvent. 

The construction of the first building on campus, now known as the Merrick Building, was left half built for over two decades due to economic difficulties.  In the meantime, classes were held at the nearby Anastasia Hotel, with partitions separating classrooms, giving the University the early nickname of "Cardboard College.

In 1929, Walsh and the other members of the Board of Regents resigned in the wake of the collapse of the Florida economy. University of Miami 's plight was so severe that students went door to door in Coral Gables collecting funds to keep it open.A reconstituted ten-member Board was chaired by University of Miami first president Bowman Foster Ashe 


The university also has a campus theater, the Jerry Herman Ring Theater, which is used for student plays and musicals.  The John C. Gifford Arboretum, a campus arboretum and botanical garden, is located on the northwest corner of the main campus in Coral Gables. The Jorge M. Perez Architecture Center is the lecture hall and gallery of the School of Architecture that displays exhibitions focusing on architecture and design.


 The new board included Merrick, Theodore Dickinson, E.B. Douglas, David Fair child, James H. Gil man, Richardson Saunders, Frank B. Shuts, Joseph H. Adams, and J. C. Penney. In 1930, several faculty members and more than 60 students came to when the University of Havana closed due to political unrest.  University of Miami  filed for bankruptcy in 1932. In July 1934, the University of Miami was reincorporated 

and a Board of Trustees replaced the Board of Regents. By 1940, community leaders were replacing faculty and administration as trustees.  The University survived this early turmoil. During Ash's presidency, the University added the School of Law  the School of Business Administration  the School of Education   the Graduate School  the Marine Laboratory the School of Engineering   and the School of Medicine .



University of Miami 's main campus spans 260 acres  in Coral Gables, located immediately south of the city of Miami. Most of the University of Miami's academic programs are located on the main campus in Coral Gables, which houses seven schools and two colleges including the University of Miami School of Law. The campus has over 5,900,000 sq ft  of building space valued at over $657 million.






The Coral Gables campus is served by the Miami Metro rail at the University Station.The Metro connects UM to Downtown Miami, Brick ell, Coconut Grove, and other Miami neighborhoods. The UM campus is about a 15-minute train ride from Downtown and Brick ell. The Hurry 'Canes shuttle bus service operates

 two routes on campus   and weekend routes to various off-campus stores and facilities during the school year; an additional shuttle route provides service to the RS MAS campus on Virginia Key and Visayans Station. Miami also has a Zip car service. There is also a lake named "Lake Osceola" in the center of campus. It holds a large fountain, which serves as a landmark to many university students.

University of South Florida

                           



The University of South Florida, also known as    University of South Florida  is an American metropolitan public research university located in Tampa, Florida, United States University of South Florida  also a member institution of the State University System of Florida. Founded in 1956, University of South Florida  

 is the fourth-largest public university in the state of Florida, with a total enrollment of 48,373 as of the 2014 - 2015 academic year. The University of South Florida system comprises three institutions:  University of South Florida  Tampa,   University of South Florida  St. Peters burg and University of South Florida   


Sarasota Manatee.Each institution is separately accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The university is home to 14 colleges, offering more than 80 undergraduate majors and more than 130 graduate, specialist, and doctoral-level degree programs.


University of South Florida is classified by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching in the top tier of research universities, and is among three other universities in Florida to hold this highest level of 

classification.  In its 2011 ranking, the Intellectual Property Owners Association placed University of South Florida  10th among all universities worldwide in the number of US patents granted. The university has an 

annual budget of $1.5 billion and an annual economic impact of over $3.7 billion.  In a ranking compiled by the National Science Foundation, University of South Florida   ranks 43rd in the United States for total research spending among st all universities, public and private.


University of South Florida  ranks in the top 100 best public schools in the 2014 Best Colleges edition of U.S. News & World Report. University of South Florida  was named a national leader in online education 

by Guide to Online Schools.  US graduate level programs - including Public Health, Library and Information Studies, Education, and Criminology - continue to rank among the nation's 50 best in the U.S. News & World Report graduate school rankings.

As of Fall 2014, there are more than 1,700 instructional faculty at the University of South Florida   Tampa campus. As of Fall 2011, the student to faculty ratio for the  University of South Florida  Tampa campus was 24- 1 Approximately 86 percent of full-time faculty members hold terminal degrees in their field of expertise.

 Additionally, the university has more than 1,200 adjunct professors, 300 post-doctoral scholars, over 2,000 graduate assistants, and 2,800 student assistants.

US faculty continue to be recognized on the global academic stage with over 35 scholars receiving prominent scholarly awards since 2009, including Fulbright, National Science Foundation, ALAS, Guggenheim, and 

National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships.  In 2012, a  University of South Florida  professor was one of four in the nation to receive the prestigious Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and Council for Advancement and Support of Education 2012 U.S. Professor of the Year award.

University of South Florida  was the first independent state university conceived, planned, and built during the 20th century.  Former U.S. Representative Sam Gibbons was instrumental in the school's creation when he was a state representative and is considered by many to be the "Father of  University of South Florida  Though founded in 1956, the university was not officially named until the following year, and courses did not begin until 1960.


The university was built off Fowler Avenue on the site of Henderson Air Field, a World War II airstrip. Before Henderson Field, the area was part of the 1920s 5000 acre temple orange grove, the largest citrus grove in the world at the time, which gave the nearby City of Temple Terrace its name. In 1957, the Florida 

Cabinet approved the name "University of South Florida.  At the time,  University of South Florida  was the southernmost university in the state university system.  In 1962, the official University of South Florida   mascot was unveiled as the "Golden Brahman.  In the late 1980s, the mascot evolved into the "Bulls.

The university grew under the leadership of John Allen, who served as its first president from 1957 until his retirement in 1970. During this time, the university expanded rapidly, due in part to the first master's degree programs commencing in 1964.  Allen was known for his opposition to college sports in favor of an 

environment more academically centered. Allene's ultimate legacy was to be the first person to build a modern state university from scratch: "As a completely new and separate institution, the University of South Florida became the first new institution of its kind to be conceived, planned and built in the United States in the 20th century. 

Today the John and Grace Allen Administration Building, named after the university's founding president and his wife, houses vital Tampa campus departments including Student Affairs, the Admissions Welcome Center, and the Controller's Office.


The first University of South Florida Commencement ceremony was held in 1963 where 325 degrees were conferred. In the 2014-2015 academic year, the University of South Florida Tampa campus awarded more than 11,400 degrees at the undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels. Commencement ceremonies are

 held three times a year at the end of the Fall, Spring, and Summer semesters.  Spring ceremonies are generally the largest, with five separate ceremonies held each semester.Ceremonies for the University of South Florida Tampa campus are held in the University of South Florida Sun Dome. Additionally, the university live streams each ceremony for out-of-town guests to watch online.


Tampa campus when it opened.  In its early years, the University Center held the first on-campus women's residence hall, a cafeteria, post office, bookstore, game room, television room, and information desk.








The original University of South Florida student union was built in 1959 and opened in 1960. Originally called the University Center, it was one of the first five buildings that made up the University of South Florida  


  Classes were held in the basement and first floor of the building until other academic building were completed.  The center underwent major renovations from 1988 to 1990.  It was renamed the Phyllis P. Marshall Center in 1993, in honor of the woman who served as director of the building from 1976 to 1994.

University of Edinburgh

                                                         

 University of Edinburgh 

The University of Edinburgh abbreviated as Enid. in post-nominal founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city of Edinburgh, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university.

The University of Edinburgh is ranked 17th in the world by the 2013 14 and 20115 Q S rankings.The Research Excellence Framework, a research ranking used by the UK government to determine future research funding, ranked Edinburgh 4th in the UK for research power, with Computer Science and 

ranking 1st in the UK. It is ranked 12th in the world in arts and humanities by the 2014 15 Times Higher Education Ranking.

It is ranked the 15th most employable university in the world by the 2013 Global University Ranking. It is ranked as the 6th best university in Europe by the U.S. News' Best Global Universities Ranking.It is a member of both the Russell Group, and the League of European Research Universities, a consortium of 21 research universities in Europe.

 It has the third largest endowment of any university in the United Kingdom, after the universities of Cambridge and Oxford.

The university played an important role in leading Edinburgh to its reputation as a chief intellectual  during the Age of Enlightenment, and helped give the city the nickname of the Athens of the North. Alumni of the university include some of the major figures of modern history, including physicist James Clerk Maxwell,

 naturalist Charles Darwin, philosopher David Hume, mathematician Thomas Bayes, surgeon Joseph Lister, signatories of the American declaration of independence James Wilson, John and Benjamin Rush, inventor Alexander Graham Bell, first president of Tanzania Julius Nyerere, and a host of famous authors such as Sir 

Arthur Conan Doyle, Robert Louis Stevenson, J.M. Barrie and Sir Walter Scott. Associated people include 20 Nobel Prize winners, 2 Turing Award winners, 1 Abel Prize winner, 1 Fields Medal winner, 1 Pulitzer 

Prize winner, 3 Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom, 2 currently-sitting UK Supreme Court Justices, and several Olympic gold It continues to have links to the British Royal Family, having had the Duke of Edinburgh as its Chancellor from 1953 to 2010 and Princess Anne since 2011.

Edinburgh receives approximately 50,000 applications every year, making it the fourth most popular university in the UK by volume of applicants. Entrance is competitive, with 2012–2013 having an acceptance rate of 11.5% and offer rate of 38.6%.

 After St Andrews, it is the most difficult university to gain admission into in Scotland, and 9th overall in the UK
Before the building of Old College to plans by Robert Adam implemented after the Napoleonic Wars by the architect William Henry , the University of Edinburgh did not have a custom-built campus and existed in a of buildings from its establishment until the early 19th century. The university's first custom-built building was the 

Old College, now the School of Law, situated on South Bridge. Its first forte in teaching was anatomy and the developing science of surgery, from which it expanded into many other subjects. From the basement of a nearby house ran the anatomy tunnel corridor. It went under what was then North College Street now 

Chambers under the university buildings until it reached the university's anatomy lecture , delivering bodies for dissection. It was from this tunnel that the body of William Burke was taken after he had been hanged.
University Sports Union  which was founded in 1866.

The medical school is renowned throughout the world. It was widely considered the best medical school in the English-speaking world throughout the 18th century and first half of the 19th century

The first medical school in the United States was founded at the University of Pennsylvania in 1765 by Edinburgh alumni John Morgan and is currently ranked 1st in the UK's most recent RAE. The Edinburgh Seven, the first group of matriculated undergraduate female students at any British university, began studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1869. Although they were unsuccessful in their struggle to 

graduate and qualify as doctors, the campaign they fought gained national attention and won them many supporters including Charles Darwin. It put the rights of women to a University education on the national 

political agenda which eventually resulted in legislation to ensure that women could study at University in 1877. In 2015 the Edinburgh Seven were commemorated with a plaque at the University of Edinburgh, as part of the Historic Scotland Commemorative Plaques Scheme

University of Bristol

The University of Bristol(abbreviated as . in post-nominal letters, sometimes referred to as Bristol is a red brick research university located in Bristol, United Kingdom.


It received its royal charter in 1909,and its predecessor institution, University College, Bristol, had been in existence since 1876.

Bristol is organised into six academic faculties composed of multiple schools and departments running over 200 undergraduate courses situated in the Clifton area along with three of its nine halls of residence.

 The other six halls are located in Stoke Bishop, an outer city suburb located 1.8 miles away. The university had a total income of £485.5 million in 2013/14, of which £cotillion was from research grants and is the largest independent employer in Bristol

The University of Bristol is ranked 11th in the UK for its research, according to the Research Excellence Framework REF 2014 by GPA.

The University of Bristol has been ranked 37th jot 34th by the SQ World University Rankings, and is ranked the top ten of UK 

 A highly selective institution, it has an average of 6.4 Sciences faculty to 13.1 (Medicine & Dentistry Faculty applicants for each undergraduate place. The University of Bristol is the youngest British university to be ranked among the top 40 institutions in the world according to the World University Rankings.

Current academics include 21 fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences, 13 fellows of the British Academy, 13 fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering and 44 fellows of the Royal Society.
 The university has been associated with 12 Nobel laureates throughout its history, including Paul Dirac, Sir William Ramsay, Cecil Frank Powell, Sir Winston Churchill, Dorothy Hodgkin, Hans Albrecht Bethe, Max , Gerard , Sir Francis Mott, Harold Pinter, Jean-Marie Gustav Le and Angus .

Bristol is a member of the Russell Group of research-intensive British universities, the European-wide Grout and the Worldwide Universities Network, of which the university's previous vice-chancellor, Eric Thomas, was chairman from 2005 to 2007

 In addition, the university holds an Erasmus Charter, sending more than 500 students per year to partner institutions in Europe.

After the founding of the University College in 1876, Government support began in 1889. After mergers with the Bristol Medical School in 1893 and the Merchant ' Technical College in 1909,

 this funding allowed the opening of a new medical school and an engineering subjects that remain among the university's greatest strengths. In 1908, gifts from the Fry and Wills families, particularly £100,000 from 

Henry Wills III £6 in today's money, were provided to endow a University for Bristol and the West of England, provided that a royal charter could be obtained within two years. In December 1909, the King granted such a charter and erected the University of Bristol.

 Henry Wills became its first chancellor and Lloyd Morgan the first vice-chancellor

 Wills died in 1911 and in tribute his sons George and Harry built the Wills Memorial Building, starting in 1913 and finally finishing in 1925.

 Today, it houses parts of the academic provision for earth sciences and law, and graduation ceremonies are held in its Great Hall. The Wills Memorial Building is a Grade II* listed building 

In 1946, the university established the first drama department in the country.

 In the same year, Bristol began offering special entrance exams and grants to aid the resettlement of servicemen returning home. Student numbers continued to increase, and the Faculty of Engineering eventually 

needed the new premises that were to become Queen's Building in 1955. This substantial building housed all of the university's engineers until 1996, when the department of Electrical Engineering and Department of Computer Science moved over the road into the new Merchant ' Building to make space for these rapidly 



expanding fields. Today, Queen's Building caters for most of the teaching needs of the Faculty and provides academic space for the "heavy" engineering subjects civil, mechanical, and aeronautics

With unprecedented growth in the 1960s, particularly in undergraduate numbers, the Student's Union eventually acquired larger premises in a new building in the Clifton area of the city, in 1965. This building was more spacious than the Victoria Rooms, which were now given over to the Department of Music. 

 The new Union provides many practice and performance rooms, some specialist rooms, as well as three bars: Bar 100; the Mandela known as Armand the Avon Gorge. Whilst spacious, the Union building is thought by many to be ugly

 and out of character compared to the architecture of the rest of the Clifton area, having been mentioned in a BBC poll to find the worst architectural eyesores in Britain. The university has proposed relocating the Union to a more central location as part of its development ''.recently, plans for redevelopment of the current building have been proposed.

London Metropolitan University

London Metropolitan University, commonly known as London Met, is a public research university in London, England. The University of North London formerly the Polytechnic of North London and London Guildhall University formerly the City of London Polytechnic merged in 2002 to create the

roots going back to 1848, it is one of London’s oldest educational institutions. The University has campuses in the City of London and in the London Borough of , a museum, archives and libraries. Special collections include the TC Library the Irish Studies Collection and the Frederick Parker Collection.
London Metropolitan University was formed on 1 August 2002 by the merger of London Guildhall University and the University of North London. In October 2006, the University opened a new Science ,

part of a £investment in its science department at the North campus close to Holloway Road, with a "Super Lab" claimed to be one of Europe's most advanced science teaching facilities, and 280 workstations equipped with digital audio visual interactive equipment.
London Guildhall , see London Guildhall University.
Crosby Hall in 1848, where the Metropolitan Evening Classes for Young Men started
In 1848 Charles , the Bishop of London, called upon the clergy
to establish evening classes to improve the moral, intellectual and spiritual condition of young men in London. In response, the bishop Charles Mackenzie, who instituted the Metropolitan Evening Classes for Young Men in Crosby Hall,
, London, with student fees at one shilling per session. Subjects on the original curriculum included Greek, Latin, Hebrew, English, History, Mathematics, Drawing and Natural Philosophy. This fledgling college came
under royal patronage following the visit of Prince Albert to the classes in 1851. In 1860 the classes moved to Sussex Hall, the former Livery Hall of the Bricklayers' Company, in Street. By this time, some 800 students were enrolled annually.

City of London College's new building at in 1883 opened by the then Prince of Wales
In 1861 the classes were reconstituted and named the City of London College. Over the next twenty years, the College was one of the pioneers in the introduction of commercial and technical subjects. The college

built new premises in White Street at a cost of £16,000 1 the college joined Institute and the Northampton Institute to form the City Polytechnic by a Charity Commissioners' scheme to facilitate funding for these institutions by the City Parochial Foundation, and to enable the three institutions to work cooperatively.

However this attempted federation did not function in practice, as each institution continued to operate more or less independently. The City Polytechnic concept was dissolved in 1906 and the City of London College came under the supervision of London County Council.

centenary with a service of thanksgiving addressed by the Archbishop of Canterbury at St Paul's Cathedral. In 1970 the college merged with Sir John College to form the City of London Polytechnic. From 1992 to July 2002, the institution was known as London Guildhall University.

Electra House, 84 , built by John in 1902, topped by a sculpture of young Atlases supporting a zodiacal globe by F.W. .
In December 1940 the college's building was destroyed by a German air raid. City of London College subsequently moved into premises at 84 in 1944. In 1948, the City of London College celebrated its

Under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 the Polytechnic was awarded University status, previously having awarded the degrees of the former

Council for National Academic Awards. London Guildhall University was named in order to show its links with the City of London and the City's many guilds/livery companies. It was with the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, based at the .


was reported that the management of the merged institution had ordered the destruction of the entire print run of a history of the university - London Guildhall University: From Polytechnic to University - authored by Sean

 Tower Hill and Liverpool Street tube stations. There are buildings located at , Jewry Street, Central House, , High Street, Calcutta House, Commercial Road and  Street. There is a gymnasium for the use of staff and students at the  High St. building,


 The schools was ranked 30th out of the UK's 43 new universities in the 2001 Research Assessment Exercise. In August 2004, in the midst of a contract dispute with former staff following the merger with the University of North London, it
, formerly a senior research fellow in the department of Politics and Modern History; the work had been commissioned by Sir Roderick , the President of London Metropolitan University, when Provost
The former campus is now the city campus and is located at the intersection of the City of London financial district and the old East End, near East,

This move caused controversy among the Chinese public and the overseas Chinese view the Dalai Lama as partly responsible for the 2008 unrest in a result, Chinese migration agents had been reported to "boycott" London Metropolitan University in advising clients who wish to study in the U The University's Vice

In May 2008, London Metropolitan University presented the 14th Dalai Lama with an Honorary Doctorate of Philosophy for "promoting peace
such as the University's own "Free Tibet  University has also faced criticism for offering free scholarships specifically reserved for students from the Tibetan exile community in India, Nepal and the West, in a case of non-merit "racial quotas".

Chancellor, Brian Roper, issued an apology letter to the Chinese Foreign Ministry via embassy officials in July In an interview with the Global Times, a worker at a Chinese study abroad agency suggested that the University could repair the offence of the by refusing speaking platforms to Tibetan independence groups,

Open University

Open  University

The Open a public distance learning and research university, and one of the biggest universities in the UK for undergraduate education. The majority of the undergraduate students are based throughout the United 

Kingdom and principally study off-campus; many of its courses both undergraduate and postgraduate can also be studied anywhere in the world.

 There is also a number of full-time postgraduate research students based on the 48-hectare university campus

 where they use the facilities for research, as well as more than 1000 members of academic and research staff and over 2500 administrative, operational and support staff.

The was established in 1969 and the first students enrolled in January 1971.The University administration is based at Walton Hall, Milton Keynes in , but has regional in each of its thirteen regions around the United Kingdom. It also has offices and regional examination in many other European countries. The university 

awards undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, as well as non-degree qualifications such as diplomas and certificates or continuing education units.

 It was rated top university in England and Wales for student satisfaction in 201 United Kingdom government national student satisfaction survey, and second in the 2007 survey. Out of 132 universities and colleges, the was ranked 43rd

With more than 250,000 students enrolled, including around 32,000 aged under more than 50,000 overseas students, it is the largest academic institution in the United Kingdom 

and one of the largest in Europe by student number, and qualifies as one of the world's largest universities. Since it was founded, more than 1.5 million students have studied its courses

 in the Times Higher Education Table of Excellence in 2008, between the University of Reading and University of the Arts London; it was rated highly in Design, Art History, English, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Computer Science, Development Studies, Social Policy and Social Work and Sociology

practical issues, related to health promotion. Nevertheless, it is possible to be excused on the basis of ill-health or other extenuating circumstances and many courses have no mandatory face-to-face component.

 It was ranked overall as a nationally top forty, and globally top five hundred university by the Academic Ranking of World Universities in 2011, as well as being ranked 247 for citations of its academics

Some modules have mandatory day schools. These are day-long sessions which a student must attend in order to pass the module. One example of such a module is the Advanced Certificate in Health Promotion which has two mandatory day schools/workshops, focusing on communication skills, counselling and 

Similarly, many modules have traditionally offered week-long summer schools offering an opportunity for students to remove themselves from the general distractions of their life and focus on their study for a short time.

Over the past ten years the university has adopted a policy of separating residential modules from distance-full-time taught modules. Exemption from attendance at residential schools, always as an Alternative Learning Experience  is sometimes available for disabled students and others who find it impossible to attend in person See "Qualifications-Undergraduate" section.

For many years the produced television and radio aimed at bringing learning to a wider audience. In its early years most of these were in the form of documentaries or filmed lectures. Latterly, most -associated programming was mainstream and broadcast in peak hours, including series such as Rough Science and 

"Battle of the Geeks", while older-style programming was carried in the BBC Learning Zone. In 2004 the announced it was to stop its late-night on , and the last was broadcast at on 16 December 2006. The now plans to focus on semi-academic television , such as many now broadcast on BBC Four.

The is researching the use of virtual worlds in teaching and learning, and has two main islands in Second Life. These islands are called Open University village. They are separated by a third region "Ocean." In May 2009 these regions formed the basis of a case Linden Lab, the company which owns Second Life.

Teaching at the has been rated as "excellent" by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. The English national survey of student satisfaction has twice put the Open University in first place.

In October 2006 the joined the Open educational resources movement with the launch of . A growing selection of current and past distance learning course materials will be released for free access, including downloadable versions for educators to modify under the Creative Commons BY-NC-SA , plus free collaborative learning-support tools.

Open University modules have associated with them a number of Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme pending on the quantity of the material in the module to the complexity, with 120 points roughly equating to the year of study for a full-time student.

As of mid-2010, the university led the list of contributing universities in the number of downloads of its material from the educational resources site iTunes U, with downloads of over 20 million Open University continues to adopt as the Virtual Learning Environment with their own team deploying custom plugins

Students are generally advised not undertake more than 60 credits per year, meaning that an undergraduate degree will take typically 


six years to complete. With the exception of some degrees in fast moving areas such as computingthere is generally no limit on the time which a student may take. Students need special permission to take more than 120 points equivalent to full-time study at any time; such permission is not usually granted

The offers a large number of undergraduate qualifications, including certificates, diplomas, and bachelor's degrees, based on both level and quantity of study. An undergraduate degree requires 300 or 360 for CATS credits.

Originally the BA was the only undergraduate degree, and it was unnamed. The modern grants degrees of Bachelor of Art Science  and Engineering; the BA and may be named(following a specified or of courses chosen by the student degrees.

subject over a period of ten weeks, these are generally timed during vacations at conventional universities in order to take advantage of their facilities. Some science modules, which require only home study, are 

Many faculties have now introduced short modules worth ten credits. Most of these modules are taught online, and start at regular intervals throughout the year. They typically provide an introduction to a broader 

complemented by residential courses, in order to allow the student to gain practical laboratory experience in that field; typically, an award of degree or diploma will require completion of both.

October. Assessment is by both continual assessment with, normally, between four and eight assignments during the , for most, a final examination or, on some modules, a major 

Different modules are run at different times of the year, but, typically, a 30 or 60 credit module will run either from October to June or from February to 
t

Queen Mary University of London

Queen  Mary  University  of  London

Queen Mary University of London officially abbreviated to , informally known as QM is a public research university in London, England, which is a constituent college of the University of London. It dates back to the London Hospital Medical College founded in 1785. Queen Mary College was admitted to the University of 

London in 1915 and named after Mary of , Queen of the United Kingdom. In 1989, Queen Mary College merged with College to form Queen Mary and College. In 1995, Queen Mary and College merged with St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, established in 1843, and the London Hospital Medical College, founded in 1785.

Queen Mary's main campus is in the Mile End area of East London, with other campuses in , and . It has around 17,000 full-time students and 4,000 staff.

 Queen Mary is organised into three faculties – the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Science and Engineering and and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry within which there are 21 academic departments and institutes. It is one of the largest colleges of the University of London.

Queen Mary is a member of the Russell Group of leading British research universities, the Association of Commonwealth Universities and Universities UK. Queen Mary is a major for medical teaching and research and is part of Partners, the world's largest academic health science . 

It has a strategic partnership with the University of Warwick, including research collaboration and joint teaching of English, history and computer science undergraduates. Queen Mary also collaborates with Royal Holloway, University of London to run 

at the University of London Institute in Paris.

Queen Mary is frequently ranked among the top universities in the 

UK, Europe and is among the top 100 universities in the world. It was recently ranked among the top five universities in London.There are six Nobel Laureates Queen Mary's alumni and current and former staff.

Teaching of aeronautical engineering began in 1907 which led to the first UK aeronautical engineering department being established in 1909 which boasted a ground-breaking wind tunnel. Thus creating the oldest Aeronautical in the World.

 A. P. , a former student at the College gaining a first class degree in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in 1906, was encouraged and financially supported by P. Y. Alexander, a wealthy aeronautical enthusiast and


In 1910 the College's status in the University of London was extended for a further five years, with unlimited membership achieved in May 1915. During this period the organisation of the governors of the People's Palace was rearranged, creating the separate People's Palace Committee and East London College 


acquaintance, and J. L. , the then Principal, to start regular courses of lectures in aeronautics.gradually brought in more and more skilled aeronautical engineers, and with the newly built laboratory, started giving lectures in aeronautics "Flying machines", "Balloons, airships and kites", "The mechanical principles of flight"


 and started extensive research on fundamental matters such as the characteristics of wing sections and propellers, structural and material characteristics, and the forces on struts, leading to use in military aircraft for the First World War.


During the First World War the College admitted students from the London Hospital Medical College who were preparing for the preliminary medical examination, the first step in a long process that would eventually bring the two institutions together. After the war, the College grew, albeit constrained by the rest of the 


Committee, both under the Palace Governors, as a sign of the growing separation of the two concepts within a single complex.

People's Palace to the west and a burial ground immediately to the east. In 1920 it obtained both the Palace's Rotunda


the Charity Commissioners and the Board of Education. In April 1929 the College Council decided it would take the steps towards applying to the Privy Council for a Royal Charter, but on the advice of the Drapers' 

and rooms under the winter gardens at the west of the palace, which became chemical laboratories. The College's status was also unique, being the only School of the University of London that was subject to both 

In the early hours of 25 February 1931 a fire destroyed the Queen's Hall, though both the College and the winter gardens escaped. In the coming days discussions on reconstruction led to the proposal that the entire site be transferred to the College which would then apply for a Charter alone. The Drapers' Company 

Company first devised a scheme for development and expansion, which recommended other things to the People's Palace and the College, with guaranteed provision of the Queen's Hall for recreational purposes, offering at least freedom of governance if not in space.


for a name change, feeling that "east London" carried unfortunate associations that would hinder the College and its graduates. With the initial proposed name, "Queen's College", having already been taken by another institution and "Victoria College" felt to be unoriginal, "Queen Mary 

" was settled on. The Charter of Incorporation was presented on 12 December 1934 by Queen Mary herself

obtained St Helen's Terrace, a row of six houses the site, and in July 1931 it was agreed to give these over to the People's Palace for a new site adjacent to the old, which would now become entirely the domain of the College. Separation was now achieved. The Charter was now pursued, but the Academic Board asked 


During the Second World War the College was evacuated to Cambridge, where it shared with King's College. Meanwhile, the Mile End site was requisitioned for war work and was for a time used as the Municipal Offices of Borough Council. After the war the College returned to London, facing many of the same problems but with prospects for westward expansion.

The East End had suffered considerable bomb damage although the College itself had incurred consequently several areas of land near to the College site now became vacant. The former church of St ' to the immediate east of the College was now defunct and was demolished in 1950, with the space used to 

build a new block for physics, but most of the acquisitions in the immediate post war years were to the west of the college. Even the new People's Palace was no longer able to meet its needs and it was acquired by the College along with several pieces of land that together formed a significant continuous stretch along the Mile 

End Road. New buildings for engineering, biology and chemistry were built on the new sites, whilst the arts took over the space vacated in the original building, now renamed the Queens' Building to reflect the support and patronage of both Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.

Limited accommodation resulted in the acquisition of further land in South now directly connected to Mile End tube station by means of the Central line's eastward extension

upon which tower blocks were established. Consequently, student numbers continued to expand. The College also obtained the Co-operative Wholesale Society's clothing factory on the Mile End Road which was converted into a building for the Faculty of Laws and some other teaching), as well as the former headquarters of 

Patent Ltd operators of the "largest dog biscuit factory in the was converted into a building for the Faculty of Economics founded by Maurice , Baron . Both faculties were physically separated from what was now a campus to the west.


Hospital Medical College and St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College with a joint facility in Mile End, but the land was not yet available. Over the period land that came onto the market was purchased with the intention to consolidate as soon as possible. The Queen Mary College Act 1973 was passed "to the disposal of the 


From the mid-until the mid-the College was in a period of uncertainty and flux. Much planning was dominated by the "scheme" which proposed to link Queen Mary College with the London 

A further link with both The London and St. Bartholomew's was made in 1974 when an anonymous donor provided for the establishment of a further hall of residence in , to be divided equally between Queen Mary College students and the two medical colleges.

burial ground in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and to for other purposes thereof..." and gave the authority to disinter and most of the graves to . 


At the start of the changing demographics and finances caused much concern through the university sector and led to a of the University of London. At Queen Mary some subjects, such as Russian and Classics were discontinued, whilst the College 

became one of five in the University with a concentration of laboratory sciences, including the transfer of science departments from College, Chelsea College, Queen Elizabeth College and College.

 to this day but the rest of the area has been absorbed by the College's expansion. The long planned Clinical Medicine building for the Scheme finally in the late , further strengthening the ties between the three colleges

From the mid-the College began expanding across the newly acquired land to the east, taking the campus to the Regent's Canal. A part of the burial ground remains

University of Leeds

University  of  Leeds

which eventually became the University of University College Liverpool which became the Liverpool

 In 1904, a royal charter, created in 1903, was granted to the University of Leeds by King Edward VII.

The University of Leeds is a redbrick university located in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Originally named the Yorkshire College of Science and later simply the Yorkshire College, it incorporated the Leeds School of Medicine and became part of the federal Victoria University alongside Owens College 

The university has around 33,500 students, the eighth-highest number of any university in the UK.

From 2006 to present, the university has consistently been ranked second in the United Kingdom for the number of applications received, second only to the University of Manchester.

The university is a founding member of the Russell Group of research-intensive universities, the Group for research collaboration,

Leeds had a total income of £547.3 million in 2010/11, of which £124 million was from research grants and contracts.

 The university has financial endowments of £49.3 million  ranking outside the top ten British universities by financial endowment.

the Worldwide Universities Network, the Association of Commonwealth Universities, the European University Association, the White Rose University Consortium, the Network and and is also affiliated to the Association of , and Universities UK.

 in the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise,the best result in the Yorkshire and the in 2010, Leeds was ranked as the 9th most targeted British university by graduate employers

Leeds is ranked nationally between 14th Times Higher Education and 

 Internationally, the university is ranked as the 32nd best in Europe and globally ranked 87th in the 2015 World University Rankings Leeds was ranked 8th in the UK

Notable alumni include former Secretary of State Jack Straw, former co-chairman of the Conservative Party , American actor Chris Pine, Piers Sellers NASA five Nobel laureates.

provide education for the children of middle-class industrialists and merchants. Financial support from local industry was crucial in setting up the College and aiding the students. The university continues to these elements of its history; for example, there is still remains a ' Court on campus.

In 1831, the Leeds School of Medicine was established with the aim of serving the needs of the five medical institutions which had been established in the city. In 1874, the Yorkshire College of Science was created to 

The College of Science, on Owens College, Manchester, was established in 1851 as non-sectarian and was open to Protestant Dissenters, Catholics and Jews though not then to women

The Northern colleges continued to promote themselves as offering a general education that was progressive and pragmatic in nature as were the technical colleges of Germany and the ancient universities upon which they were .

since the Oxford and Cambridge, restricted attendance to members only of the Church of England. University College London was non-sectarian. The religious qualification ceased in the but the classics-based education continued at Oxford and Cambridge. 

The Yorkshire College of Science began by teaching experimental physics, mathematics, geology, mining, chemistry and biology, and soon became well known as an international for the study of engineering and textile technology due to the manufacturing and textile trades being strong in the West Riding

of Medicine and subsequently joined the federal Victoria University at Manchester in 1880 on 3 November 1887. Students in this period were awarded external degrees by the University of London

. When classics, modern literature and history went on offer a few years later, the Yorkshire College of Science became simply the Yorkshire College. In 1884, the Yorkshire College absorbed the Leeds School 

Leeds was given its first university in 1887 when the Yorkshire College joined the federal Victoria University on 3 November. The Victoria University had been established by royal charter in 1880; Owens College being at first the only member college.[18] Leeds now found itself in an educational union with close social cousins from Manchester and Liverpool.

Unlike Owens College, the Leeds campus of the Victoria University had never barred women from its courses. However, it was not until special facilities 

The Victoria  University was a short-lived concept, as the multiple university locations in Manchester and Liverpool were keen to establish themselves as separate, independent universities. This was partially due to the benefits a university had for the cities of Liverpool and Manchester whilst the institutions were also 

were provided at the Day Training College in 1896 that women began enrolling in significant numbers. The first female student to begin a course at the university was Annie Clark, who studied Modern Literature and Education.

 1903, the then newly formed University of Liverpool began the fragmentation of the Victoria University by being the first member to gain independence. The University of Leeds soon followed suit and had been granted a royal charter as an independent body by

unhappy with the practical difficulties posed by maintaining a federal arrangement across broad distances. The interests of the universities and respective cities in creating independent institutions was further spurred by the granting of a charter to the University of Birmingham in 1900 after lobbying from Joseph Chamberlain.

Following a Royal Charter and Act of Parliament in